Step-by-Step Guide: Creating a View in SAP ABAP

Creating a View

In SAP's Data Dictionary, a view is a logical definition of a subset of data from one or more tables. It provides a structured representation of data to meet specific business requirements without physically storing the data itself. Views are used to simplify data access, enhance security, and optimize performance by presenting data in a meaningful and easily accessible format.

Types of views in SAP Data Dictionary include:

1. Database Views: These views are defined based on database tables and can include data from one or more tables using joins. Database views are widely used for reporting purposes, as they provide a consolidated view of data from multiple tables.

2. Projection Views: Projection views are created by selecting specific fields from one or more tables without performing any joins. They offer a simplified view of data by projecting selected fields onto a single virtual table.

3. Maintenance Views: Maintenance views are used for maintaining data in database tables. They provide an interface for inserting, updating, and deleting records in underlying tables. Maintenance views are commonly used in applications where users need to interactively manage data.

4. Help Views: Help views are designed to provide assistance to users by presenting data in a user-friendly format. They often include additional information or descriptions to help users understand the data better. Help views are frequently used in input screens or selection screens to aid users in making selections.

Steps to Creating a Projection View

Step 1: – Enter transaction code “SE11” in the SAP command field and press enter to continue.

Select the View radio button on the initial screen of ABAP Dictionary. Enter the name of the view to be created and then click Create button. We entered the name of the view as ZA103_VI_STD.

Step 2 − Select the projection view radio button while choosing view type and click Copy button. The ‘Dictionary: Change View’ screen appears.

Step 3 − In the Short Description field, enter a brief description that clearly identifies the purpose or functionality of the view.

Step 4 − In the Basis Table field, specify the name of the table or tables to be used as the basis for the view. This defines the underlying data source for the view's content.

Click the ‘Table fields’ button to include the fields of ZA103_STD table in the projection view.

Step 5 − The Field Selection from Table ZA103_STD screen appears. Select the fields that you wish to include in the projection view as shown in the following snapshot and click the Copy button.

Step 6 − All the selected fields for the projection view are displayed on the ‘Dictionary: Change View’ screen and click on Table content icon ( or ) Utilities(M) > Contents to display.

Step 7 − Click the Execute icon. The output of the projection view appears as shown in the following screenshot.

Output :